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The basic structure of capacitor
Capacitor is a basic electronic components, basically all the electronic equipment has its existence, DC blocking,coupling, bypass, filtering, tuning loop, energy conversion,control circuit and so on will to use it. Two conductors joinedan insulator constitutes a basic capacitor. In high school, wehad studied the capacitance that symbol, in general is very simple.
Charge in the electric field force generated when moving,charge across an insulator, the movement of charge is hindered, so the charge gradually accumulated in the twoblock of the conductor, the amount of charge stored calledcapacitor or a capacitance.
The charge accumulation
Not by current
Because of the existence of an insulator between two conductors, therefore, in general, is not the current through the capacitor, unless the capacitor breakdown. The calculation formula for the capacitance is c=q/v, Ccapacitor, capacitor Q to charge, V is the voltage across the capacitor. C is a fixed value, when the voltage between twoconductors increases, the amount of charge will increase,so the capacitor with the function of energy storage, theeffect is very important for modern switching power.
The common capacitor paper
The classification of capacitance is very complicated,generally in accordance with the dielectric, purpose,structure, function, classification, but this classification is also there will be overlapping, can be said to be veryconfused. The author chooses several we often heard ofcapacitance to introduce, respectively is the solid capacitors, aluminum electrolytic capacitor, tantalum electrolytic capacitor.
Aluminum electrolytic capacitor
The advantages of aluminum electrolytic capacitor is ratedvoltage value is high, anti surge capacity, capacity per unit volume is very large, the cost is very low, the price is cheaper. But it also has its own disadvantages, storage life is short, is influenced by temperature, easy explosion pulp.Temperature 10 degrees each height, half life, which is alsoknown as.
The advantages of tantalum capacitors tantalum capacitorsis ESR value is very low, long service life and high temperature resistance. Its accuracy is very high, the mechanical strength than aluminum electrolytic capacitor is high, small size is one of its major advantages. But the drawback is that a smaller capacity, rated voltage value is low, the price is expensive than aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
Solid capacitor
Low impedance, high and low temperature stability is theadvantage of solid state capacitors, especially its long lifealuminum electrolytic capacitor is not more than. But the high prices often make many manufacturers and step back,however this is not the most important, the key problem is the solid capacitor capacity is small and the pressure is not strong, this is one of many manufacturers do not use powercauses solid capacitor at.
Aluminum electrolytic capacitor selection
Aluminum electrolytic capacitor to play what role in the power supply circuit? Rectifier circuit AC into DC, thenaccess a large capacity electrolytic capacitor in the circuit,the charge and discharge characteristics, so that the rectified DC voltage into DC voltage is relatively stable, this role is not often critical in power source.
Large capacity electrolytic capacitor
Capacity, pressure and temperature
In the choice of capacitor, generally we will know according to the pressure and temperature to select in solid-state capacitors, tantalum capacitors and pressure resistanceand not much advantage. In addition, select capacitorpower supply design will also consider the storage amount of energy and the volume of aluminum electrolytic capacitor,and the unit volume capacity is very large.
The advantages of aluminum electrolytic capacitor is very obvious, the power supplier selection of aluminum electrolytic capacitor is not cheap. Sometimes in order tostability and reliability of power supply, power supplycompanies sometimes have to use some readers appear to be "aluminum electrolytic capacitor Jerry". Althoughaluminum electrolytic capacitor explosion pulp intemperature and have some shortcomings, but with the continuous advancement of technology, this has becomeuncommon.